Trichomonas is caused by a single-cell parasite, Trichomonas vaginalis. First discovered in 1836, it has proven to be quite a common sexually transmitted disease. It is found in 50% - 75% of prostitutes and 5% - 15% of women seen in gynecology clinics. Since the parasite rarely causes symptoms in men, reinfection of women by their untreated partners is common.

Common Signs & Symptoms
Trichomonas infection frequently has no symptoms. In women with symptoms, the usual presentation consists of a yellowish-green frothy vaginal discharge (pictured) that may have a musty odor. Vaginal itchiness is also common. Other symptoms may include lower abdominal pain, pain with urination, and pain during intercourse (dyspareunia). Symptoms often worsen around menstruation (one’s period). The vagina and cervix can be swollen and irritated (”strawberry cervix”).

How’s it Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made by examining the vaginal discharge under a microscope. Trichomonas is a pear-shaped protozoa with a tail (flagellate). This picture is a view of an infected cervix and vaginal discharge as seen through the speculum.

How’s it Treated?
Even though this infection is not a bacteria, it can be cured with the an antibiotic. The cure rate is 95%, but the sexual partner also needs treatment at the same time to prevent re-exposure and reinfection. The antibiotic used, metronidazole (Flagyl) causes nausea and vomiting if taken with alcohol.

How do I avoid Getting It (Prevention)?
Abstinence or consistent and correct condom use will prevent transmission of this parasite from one person to the next.

Additional Information
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